1 thought on “In -depth report of the fuel cell industry: fuel cell vehicles are on the eve of the outbreak”
Melanie
1. Hydrogen Energy: The next generation of basic energy materials If international energy transformation has been carried out along the path from high carbon to low -carbon, from low density to high density, and hydrogen is currently recognized as the most ideal energy carrier and the most ideal energy carrier and the energy carrier and the energy carrier and the energy carrier and the energy carrier and Clean energy provider. Hydrogen is non -toxic and harmless, the reactant is water, green is clean, and the heat value is high, which is equivalent to three times that of gasoline. It is known as "the ultimate energy of the 21st century". Short -term: Reduce car exhaust emissions and urban environmental protection. Taking Beijing as an example, motor vehicles emit 58 % of nitrogen oxides, 40 % volatile organic matter, and 22 % fine particles in the city. The vehicle market of hydrogen energy in the application of diesel engine has promoted value, while diesel engine vehicles bring significant pollution in the fields of port/dock, urban bus, cross -urban freight and other fields. In long -term: reduce petrochemical energy relying. The China Petroleum Group Economic and Technological Research Institute issued the "2018 Domestic and Foreign Oil and Gas Industry Development Report" mentioned that China ’s oil imports in 2018 were 440 million tons, and the exterior dependence of oil rose to 69.8 %; natural gas imports were 125.4 billion cubic meters of cubic meters The degree of foreign dependence rose to 45.3%. 2. my country has the world's largest hydrogen resources The industrial hydrogen purity has sufficient hydrogen resources, and my country ’s hydrogen production capacity is the world's largest. From the perspective of the source of hydrogen production, more than 96%of the world's major artificial hydrogen -making raw materials are derived from the thermal chemical reorganization of traditional fossil resources, only about 4%of the electrolytic water. From the perspective of geographical distribution, hydrogen capacity in the Asia -Pacific region is the largest, and my country is the country with the largest hydrogen production capacity in front of China and the country with the most widely distributed hydrogen production. At present, the annual output of hydrogen production is about 63 million tons. my country produces about 22 million tons per year, accounting for one -third of the world's hydrogen output. It is the world's first major hydrogen producer. The wealth of coal and natural gas resources in my country. The above two are also the main raw materials of artificial hydrogen in my country, accounting for 62%and 19%, respectively. With the development of coal -made gas and coal oil industry, the production of coal -to -hydrogen production has increased year by year. Its scale and low cost. Hydrogen -making costs are about 20 yuan/kg. Electrolytic hydrogen is only about 4%of my country's hydrogen, but it occupies a special status in the Japanese hydrogen industry. The production capacity of the hydrogenation of hydrogenation of hydrogenation of hydrogen in Japan accounted for 63%of the total artificial hydrogen production capacity of all Japanese hydrogen. The hydrogen energy resources in my country have a certain cost -effective advantage in the world. At present, the cost of hydrogenation in my country is about 70 yuan/kg, which is still higher than the United States and Japan. However, the cost of gasoline in my country is significantly higher than the United States. From the perspective of hydrogen oil ratio (cost/gasoline cost) Essence The use of hydrogen energy in my country still has great potential for development. At present, most of my country's hydrogen is used in the industrial field. It is mainly referred to as ammonia, synthetic methanol, petroleum refining, and backburning burn lamps, which is a self -produced and self -consuming model. There are only less than 500 tons of hydrogen supply and sales of less than 500 tons each year, and the potential for hydrogen resources is huge. The sources of hydrogen sources have certain technical and cost differences. There is still a large gap between the cost of electrolytic hydrogen and coal and natural gas hydrogen. The preparation of hydrogen can be divided into two categories: hydrogen and purifying hydrogen. The cost of coal -making is the lowest, which is 0.8 1.1 yuan/cubic meter. In the early stage, the cost is about 3 yuan/cubic meter, and there is still much room for decline in the future. The local governments and energy companies have a practical willingness to develop industrial hydrogen. There are about 100 billion kWh of electricity such as abandoning light, abandoning wind, and water abandonment every year, and more than 10 million tons of industrial by -production hydrogen. For the use of these two "1000", governments and energy companies across the country have actively carried out corresponding corresponding corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding correspondence. layout. The hydrogen energy use has a certain technical foundation. It has gradually promoted from aerospace and military use to civilian use. It has formed industrial clusters in hydrogen energy regions in North China, East China, and South China. Ifting field: YF-75 hydroxide engine developed by the Sixth Hospital of Aerospace Technology Group. So far, YF-75-hair motivation has participated in 97 flight missions. After the official launch of the monthly exploration project in 2004, the YF-75 engine is the main equipment in the Chang'e series mission. In 2019, the Chang'e-4 detector landed on the pre-selected area of the moon back, and was completed by the long-distance three-section rockets from the Equipment YF-75 hydroxide engine. The military field: fuel cell submarine developed by China Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Group was replaced from a Starlin engine to a hydrogen fuel cell, based on proton exchange film fuel cells and metal hydrogen storage technology. The civilian promotion of advanced technology. The Sixth Hospital of Aerospace Science and Technology Group has long been committed to the research and application of hydrogen energy in the field of rocket engines. In the field of fuel cell technology, it has the power application, renewable energy storage application and pump valve key component technology. The ability to develop a hundred kilowatts of hydrogen oxygen/hydrogen air and recycled fuel cell system. The first 58-kilowatt fuel cell engine developed by CSSC Heavy Industries in July 1st. In May 2019, it successfully passed the compulsory inspection of the Tianjin Automobile Inspection Center of China Automobile Center. Mulbolic fuel cell pile is a fuel cell engine developed for urban passenger cars in July 12. 1. Important applications of hydrogen energy-fuel cell The hydrogen energy is an important carrier of power energy. Electric energy replacement is the long -term trend of social energy consumption, and hydrogen energy is finally realized through power energy. Reasonable use of hydrogen energy, on the one hand, can improve energy utilization efficiency and reduce energy waste, on the other hand, can control environmental pollution and reduce air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. In the middle and long term, increasing the development and utilization of hydrogen energy will further guarantee my country's energy safety. The heat value of the unit of hydrogen energy is much higher than that of gasoline, diesel, coke, etc., which will meet the supply of power and energy supply demand. The hydrogen energy source has high thermal value. Through large -scale mobile transportation equipment, energy consumption mismatch will be maximized in the future. Hydrogen energy can be used as long -term reserves in the form of chemical energy, but also can be used in the field of transportation, large trucks, marine transportation and other links, and can also be applied to high -temperature heating process industries. Mao Zongqiang, a professor at Tsinghua University, said at the hydrogen energy industry conference that the application of hydrogen energy is many aspects, and it is also expected to replace oil and natural gas in the future.
Cuel battery vehicles are hydrogen energy utilization downstream industries. Although the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle (FCEVS) is currently in its infancy in my country, it is undeniable that the performance of fuel cell vehicles is excellent. At present, the performance of FCEVS, which is currently sold in large -scale abroad, is comparable to internal combustion engine cars. To. The advantages of fuel cells have the advantages of environmental friendly, high power generation efficiency, low noise, and wide available fuel range. The main development bottleneck of my country's fuel cell industry is high in production costs (high platinum catalysts) The facilities are not mature enough, and the long -term development space is huge. Mee battery vehicle has the time advantage and economic disadvantage of energy supply, and the operating market will be the focus of development in the initial stage. The range of fuel cell vehicles is generally more than 500 kilometers, which is equivalent to the current high -end pure electric vehicle battery life. From the perspective of energy supply time, the hydrogenation of fuel cell vehicles only takes less than 3 minutes, which is far lower than plug -in hybrid or pure. electric car. Because the development of the fuel cell vehicle industry is still in the initial stage, the investment in infrastructure such as hydrogen refueling stations and the cost of vehicle manufacturing are high. In the short term, the appropriate application scenarios that are more suitable for fuel cell vehicles are expected to be the operating market. The proton exchange membrane fuel cells are more practical for the development of the hydrogen energy industry in my country. Hydrogen fuel cells can be divided into alkaline fuel cells, phosphate fuel cells, melting carbonate fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells and proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) according to different electrolytes. Among them, proton exchange film fuel cells have the lowest operating temperature, and they also have the characteristics of fast response speed and small volume. At present, the use of new energy vehicles is one of the most important development directions for future fuel cell vehicles. The lithium battery is more advantageous in the field of passenger cars. Lithium battery products have a simpler product structure than fuel cells, more clear development paths and more mature industrialization division of labor. The current product series of performance is also rich in regional. The continuous improvement of lithium battery performance is gradually increasing in applications with leading advantages of fuel cells with leading advantages. At the 2019 fuel cell industry conference, the director of the system development department of Shanghai Jiexin Technology Co., Ltd. said that they compared the competitive advantages of pure electric models and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in the future. In terms of cost, passenger vehicle mileage 400 Below kilometers, fuel cells have no advantage than pure electric. The industrial application of fuel cells is still in the position of medium and long -term energy strategic layout. Muel battery driver is positioned as auxiliary energy: Tan Xuguang, chairman of Weichai Power, said: The development of new energy vehicles is not completely replaced by diesel vehicles, but is applied to the use of new energy vehicles. For example, urban bus, port trains, etc., promote new energy vehicles to make it work with diesel vehicles, which can take into account economic benefits and social environmental protection. He even predicted that hydrogen will become an important part of the energy structure in the next 20-30, but the market share will not exceed 10%. The 95%of the current shipping power is the diesel system, and natural gasization has not yet been achieved. Affected by various factors such as cost, safety, and life span, fuel cells do not currently have the conditions for large -scale commercialization applications in the field of civilian ships. Performance may push it to the new air outlet of the ship's power market, especially the gradually rising of luxury cruise ships in the ship industry. The advantages of low noise of the fuel cell system perfectly meet the requirements of luxury cruise ships on comfort. 2. The key technologies involved in hydrogen energy The hydrogen energy production-transformer adsorption technology (PSA) of hybrid gases. Basic principles: The basic principle of transformer adsorption is: the use of adsorbents to adsorb selectivity, that is, the absorption of different gas (absorbent) on the adsorbent The adsorption amount on the adsorbent changes with the change of pressure, and the separation of the gas mixture and the regeneration of the adsorbent. The current application: Transformer adsorption technology is widely used in industries such as petrochemical, medicine, food and beverage. Sichuan Tianyi Technology, Shanghai Chemical Research Institute and Peking University Pioneer Company are the leading domestic transformer adsorption system design and construction machines. In the field of petrochemicals, the hydrogen purity obtained by the PSA method can reach more than 99.9%(the purity of fuel cell demand is 99.99%). Listed Companies: Tianke (Subordinates). Myded energy transportation-transport from trailer to pipeline transmission. At present, hydrogen producing hydrogen in steel enterprises is the main source of hydrogen refueling, and it is transported by a high -pressure hydrogen cylinder beam trailer. For example, if a trailer is equipped with 18 high -pressure hydrogen cylinders, you can transport 4000nm3 hydrogen at a pressure of 20MPa each time. Two trailers are parked in the station area, and another trailer is between the hydrogen refueling station and the hydrogen source. Based on the transportation distance of about 200km and a 10 -ton transportation scale per day, the cost of gas hydrogen trailer can reach 2.02 yuan/kg. HD energy transportation-from high pressure gas tanks to pipeline transportation. The high pressure gas tank: Relying on the LNG industry foundation, the general hydrogen storage pressure of the long tube is 15 20MPa, and the general single tube hydrogen storage capacity is 17 20K. The hydrogen hydrogen storage tank: Relying on the technical foundation of the space industry, a single hydrogen delivery amount is more than 10 times the gas tank. Increasing the cost of hydrogen liquidized and liquid hydrogen tanks, the current measurement of a daily hydrogen degradation is more economical. Pipeline transportation: Relying on the foundation of the natural gas industry, the bottleneck is cost. In the United States, the existing hydrogen pipeline system is about 2400 kilometers, while in Europe that has nearly 1,600 kilometers, and China's pipeline hydrogen transport is 400 kilometers. The PetroChina Pipeline Bureau completed the construction of the largest domestic hydrogen pipeline in 2014: invested 154 million, 25km in length, 4MPA in design pressure, and an annual hydrogen transfusion of 100,400 tons. The unit investment is about 2 times the natural gas pipeline. The hydrogen energy storage and addition: The hydrogen storage tanks in the hydrogen refueling station are usually storage with low pressure (20 30MPa), medium pressure (30 40MPa), and high -pressure (40 75MPa). Sometimes the hydrogen long tube trailer is also used as a first -class gas storage (10 20MPa) facility, forming a level 4 of gas storage. Most of the foreign markets adopt 70MPa hydrogen, and most of them use 35MPa hydrogen pressure standards. At present, the highest hydrogenation capacity in China is 1000-2000kg/d, and the lowest is 100kg/d. Min hydrogen in the station: raw materials are natural gas, reorganized hydrogen. The scale of a single station investment will be $ 3 to $ 5 million. The hydrogenation: China's main hydrogenation station. The scale of a single station investment is
1. Hydrogen Energy: The next generation of basic energy materials
If international energy transformation has been carried out along the path from high carbon to low -carbon, from low density to high density, and hydrogen is currently recognized as the most ideal energy carrier and the most ideal energy carrier and the energy carrier and the energy carrier and the energy carrier and the energy carrier and Clean energy provider. Hydrogen is non -toxic and harmless, the reactant is water, green is clean, and the heat value is high, which is equivalent to three times that of gasoline. It is known as "the ultimate energy of the 21st century".
Short -term: Reduce car exhaust emissions and urban environmental protection. Taking Beijing as an example, motor vehicles emit 58 % of nitrogen oxides, 40 % volatile organic matter, and 22 % fine particles in the city. The vehicle market of hydrogen energy in the application of diesel engine has promoted value, while diesel engine vehicles bring significant pollution in the fields of port/dock, urban bus, cross -urban freight and other fields.
In long -term: reduce petrochemical energy relying. The China Petroleum Group Economic and Technological Research Institute issued the "2018 Domestic and Foreign Oil and Gas Industry Development Report" mentioned that China ’s oil imports in 2018 were 440 million tons, and the exterior dependence of oil rose to 69.8 %; natural gas imports were 125.4 billion cubic meters of cubic meters The degree of foreign dependence rose to 45.3%.
2. my country has the world's largest hydrogen resources
The industrial hydrogen purity has sufficient hydrogen resources, and my country ’s hydrogen production capacity is the world's largest. From the perspective of the source of hydrogen production, more than 96%of the world's major artificial hydrogen -making raw materials are derived from the thermal chemical reorganization of traditional fossil resources, only about 4%of the electrolytic water. From the perspective of geographical distribution, hydrogen capacity in the Asia -Pacific region is the largest, and my country is the country with the largest hydrogen production capacity in front of China and the country with the most widely distributed hydrogen production. At present, the annual output of hydrogen production is about 63 million tons. my country produces about 22 million tons per year, accounting for one -third of the world's hydrogen output. It is the world's first major hydrogen producer.
The wealth of coal and natural gas resources in my country. The above two are also the main raw materials of artificial hydrogen in my country, accounting for 62%and 19%, respectively. With the development of coal -made gas and coal oil industry, the production of coal -to -hydrogen production has increased year by year. Its scale and low cost. Hydrogen -making costs are about 20 yuan/kg. Electrolytic hydrogen is only about 4%of my country's hydrogen, but it occupies a special status in the Japanese hydrogen industry. The production capacity of the hydrogenation of hydrogenation of hydrogenation of hydrogen in Japan accounted for 63%of the total artificial hydrogen production capacity of all Japanese hydrogen.
The hydrogen energy resources in my country have a certain cost -effective advantage in the world. At present, the cost of hydrogenation in my country is about 70 yuan/kg, which is still higher than the United States and Japan. However, the cost of gasoline in my country is significantly higher than the United States. From the perspective of hydrogen oil ratio (cost/gasoline cost) Essence
The use of hydrogen energy in my country still has great potential for development. At present, most of my country's hydrogen is used in the industrial field. It is mainly referred to as ammonia, synthetic methanol, petroleum refining, and backburning burn lamps, which is a self -produced and self -consuming model. There are only less than 500 tons of hydrogen supply and sales of less than 500 tons each year, and the potential for hydrogen resources is huge.
The sources of hydrogen sources have certain technical and cost differences. There is still a large gap between the cost of electrolytic hydrogen and coal and natural gas hydrogen. The preparation of hydrogen can be divided into two categories: hydrogen and purifying hydrogen. The cost of coal -making is the lowest, which is 0.8 1.1 yuan/cubic meter. In the early stage, the cost is about 3 yuan/cubic meter, and there is still much room for decline in the future.
The local governments and energy companies have a practical willingness to develop industrial hydrogen. There are about 100 billion kWh of electricity such as abandoning light, abandoning wind, and water abandonment every year, and more than 10 million tons of industrial by -production hydrogen. For the use of these two "1000", governments and energy companies across the country have actively carried out corresponding corresponding corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding corresponding to corresponding corresponding correspondence. layout.
The hydrogen energy use has a certain technical foundation. It has gradually promoted from aerospace and military use to civilian use. It has formed industrial clusters in hydrogen energy regions in North China, East China, and South China.
Ifting field: YF-75 hydroxide engine developed by the Sixth Hospital of Aerospace Technology Group. So far, YF-75-hair motivation has participated in 97 flight missions. After the official launch of the monthly exploration project in 2004, the YF-75 engine is the main equipment in the Chang'e series mission. In 2019, the Chang'e-4 detector landed on the pre-selected area of the moon back, and was completed by the long-distance three-section rockets from the Equipment YF-75 hydroxide engine.
The military field: fuel cell submarine developed by China Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Group was replaced from a Starlin engine to a hydrogen fuel cell, based on proton exchange film fuel cells and metal hydrogen storage technology.
The civilian promotion of advanced technology. The Sixth Hospital of Aerospace Science and Technology Group has long been committed to the research and application of hydrogen energy in the field of rocket engines. In the field of fuel cell technology, it has the power application, renewable energy storage application and pump valve key component technology. The ability to develop a hundred kilowatts of hydrogen oxygen/hydrogen air and recycled fuel cell system. The first 58-kilowatt fuel cell engine developed by CSSC Heavy Industries in July 1st. In May 2019, it successfully passed the compulsory inspection of the Tianjin Automobile Inspection Center of China Automobile Center. Mulbolic fuel cell pile is a fuel cell engine developed for urban passenger cars in July 12.
1. Important applications of hydrogen energy-fuel cell
The hydrogen energy is an important carrier of power energy. Electric energy replacement is the long -term trend of social energy consumption, and hydrogen energy is finally realized through power energy. Reasonable use of hydrogen energy, on the one hand, can improve energy utilization efficiency and reduce energy waste, on the other hand, can control environmental pollution and reduce air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. In the middle and long term, increasing the development and utilization of hydrogen energy will further guarantee my country's energy safety. The heat value of the unit of hydrogen energy is much higher than that of gasoline, diesel, coke, etc., which will meet the supply of power and energy supply demand.
The hydrogen energy source has high thermal value. Through large -scale mobile transportation equipment, energy consumption mismatch will be maximized in the future. Hydrogen energy can be used as long -term reserves in the form of chemical energy, but also can be used in the field of transportation, large trucks, marine transportation and other links, and can also be applied to high -temperature heating process industries. Mao Zongqiang, a professor at Tsinghua University, said at the hydrogen energy industry conference that the application of hydrogen energy is many aspects, and it is also expected to replace oil and natural gas in the future.
Cuel battery vehicles are hydrogen energy utilization downstream industries. Although the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle (FCEVS) is currently in its infancy in my country, it is undeniable that the performance of fuel cell vehicles is excellent. At present, the performance of FCEVS, which is currently sold in large -scale abroad, is comparable to internal combustion engine cars. To. The advantages of fuel cells have the advantages of environmental friendly, high power generation efficiency, low noise, and wide available fuel range. The main development bottleneck of my country's fuel cell industry is high in production costs (high platinum catalysts) The facilities are not mature enough, and the long -term development space is huge.
Mee battery vehicle has the time advantage and economic disadvantage of energy supply, and the operating market will be the focus of development in the initial stage. The range of fuel cell vehicles is generally more than 500 kilometers, which is equivalent to the current high -end pure electric vehicle battery life. From the perspective of energy supply time, the hydrogenation of fuel cell vehicles only takes less than 3 minutes, which is far lower than plug -in hybrid or pure. electric car. Because the development of the fuel cell vehicle industry is still in the initial stage, the investment in infrastructure such as hydrogen refueling stations and the cost of vehicle manufacturing are high. In the short term, the appropriate application scenarios that are more suitable for fuel cell vehicles are expected to be the operating market.
The proton exchange membrane fuel cells are more practical for the development of the hydrogen energy industry in my country. Hydrogen fuel cells can be divided into alkaline fuel cells, phosphate fuel cells, melting carbonate fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells and proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) according to different electrolytes. Among them, proton exchange film fuel cells have the lowest operating temperature, and they also have the characteristics of fast response speed and small volume. At present, the use of new energy vehicles is one of the most important development directions for future fuel cell vehicles.
The lithium battery is more advantageous in the field of passenger cars. Lithium battery products have a simpler product structure than fuel cells, more clear development paths and more mature industrialization division of labor. The current product series of performance is also rich in regional. The continuous improvement of lithium battery performance is gradually increasing in applications with leading advantages of fuel cells with leading advantages. At the 2019 fuel cell industry conference, the director of the system development department of Shanghai Jiexin Technology Co., Ltd. said that they compared the competitive advantages of pure electric models and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in the future. In terms of cost, passenger vehicle mileage 400 Below kilometers, fuel cells have no advantage than pure electric.
The industrial application of fuel cells is still in the position of medium and long -term energy strategic layout.
Muel battery driver is positioned as auxiliary energy: Tan Xuguang, chairman of Weichai Power, said: The development of new energy vehicles is not completely replaced by diesel vehicles, but is applied to the use of new energy vehicles. For example, urban bus, port trains, etc., promote new energy vehicles to make it work with diesel vehicles, which can take into account economic benefits and social environmental protection. He even predicted that hydrogen will become an important part of the energy structure in the next 20-30, but the market share will not exceed 10%.
The 95%of the current shipping power is the diesel system, and natural gasization has not yet been achieved. Affected by various factors such as cost, safety, and life span, fuel cells do not currently have the conditions for large -scale commercialization applications in the field of civilian ships. Performance may push it to the new air outlet of the ship's power market, especially the gradually rising of luxury cruise ships in the ship industry. The advantages of low noise of the fuel cell system perfectly meet the requirements of luxury cruise ships on comfort.
2. The key technologies involved in hydrogen energy
The hydrogen energy production-transformer adsorption technology (PSA) of hybrid gases.
Basic principles: The basic principle of transformer adsorption is: the use of adsorbents to adsorb selectivity, that is, the absorption of different gas (absorbent) on the adsorbent The adsorption amount on the adsorbent changes with the change of pressure, and the separation of the gas mixture and the regeneration of the adsorbent.
The current application: Transformer adsorption technology is widely used in industries such as petrochemical, medicine, food and beverage. Sichuan Tianyi Technology, Shanghai Chemical Research Institute and Peking University Pioneer Company are the leading domestic transformer adsorption system design and construction machines. In the field of petrochemicals, the hydrogen purity obtained by the PSA method can reach more than 99.9%(the purity of fuel cell demand is 99.99%). Listed Companies: Tianke (Subordinates).
Myded energy transportation-transport from trailer to pipeline transmission. At present, hydrogen producing hydrogen in steel enterprises is the main source of hydrogen refueling, and it is transported by a high -pressure hydrogen cylinder beam trailer. For example, if a trailer is equipped with 18 high -pressure hydrogen cylinders, you can transport 4000nm3 hydrogen at a pressure of 20MPa each time. Two trailers are parked in the station area, and another trailer is between the hydrogen refueling station and the hydrogen source. Based on the transportation distance of about 200km and a 10 -ton transportation scale per day, the cost of gas hydrogen trailer can reach 2.02 yuan/kg.
HD energy transportation-from high pressure gas tanks to pipeline transportation.
The high pressure gas tank: Relying on the LNG industry foundation, the general hydrogen storage pressure of the long tube is 15 20MPa, and the general single tube hydrogen storage capacity is 17 20K.
The hydrogen hydrogen storage tank: Relying on the technical foundation of the space industry, a single hydrogen delivery amount is more than 10 times the gas tank. Increasing the cost of hydrogen liquidized and liquid hydrogen tanks, the current measurement of a daily hydrogen degradation is more economical.
Pipeline transportation: Relying on the foundation of the natural gas industry, the bottleneck is cost. In the United States, the existing hydrogen pipeline system is about 2400 kilometers, while in Europe that has nearly 1,600 kilometers, and China's pipeline hydrogen transport is 400 kilometers. The PetroChina Pipeline Bureau completed the construction of the largest domestic hydrogen pipeline in 2014: invested 154 million, 25km in length, 4MPA in design pressure, and an annual hydrogen transfusion of 100,400 tons. The unit investment is about 2 times the natural gas pipeline.
The hydrogen energy storage and addition: The hydrogen storage tanks in the hydrogen refueling station are usually storage with low pressure (20 30MPa), medium pressure (30 40MPa), and high -pressure (40 75MPa). Sometimes the hydrogen long tube trailer is also used as a first -class gas storage (10 20MPa) facility, forming a level 4 of gas storage. Most of the foreign markets adopt 70MPa hydrogen, and most of them use 35MPa hydrogen pressure standards. At present, the highest hydrogenation capacity in China is 1000-2000kg/d, and the lowest is 100kg/d.
Min hydrogen in the station: raw materials are natural gas, reorganized hydrogen. The scale of a single station investment will be $ 3 to $ 5 million.
The hydrogenation: China's main hydrogenation station. The scale of a single station investment is