As one of the three core components of pure electric vehicles, the power lithium battery has been full of disputes over technical lines since it was first used. From lithium titanate batteries to lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries, each has its own advantages and disadvantages. But it is undeniable that the emergence of each type of battery is not only the pursuit of technology, but also the game behind the industrial chain.
While major battery manufacturers such as CATL, LG Chem, and Guoxuan High-Tech are fighting each other, the battery of another technical line is quietly developing. In other words, once commercialization subverts the existing battery industry structure, it may only be overnight. thing.
Zhang Jiujun, academician of the Royal Canadian Academy of Sciences, academician of the Canadian Academy of Engineering, academician of the Canadian Academy of Engineering, president of the Institute of Sustainable Energy of Shanghai University, founder of the International Academy of Electrochemical Energy Sciences, was selected as an expert in Nanjing in 2020, and founded Nanjing Li in Pukou District Electric new energy technology, engaged in the research and application development of lithium-sulfur batteries.Also read:https://www.aimeno.com/lithium-battery-pack/200.html
The endurance of pure electric vehicles is related to the energy density of power lithium batteries. From the current promotion and use of new energy vehicles, it is found that the situation of mileage anxiety has not been fundamentally changed. It is precisely because of this that both the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology's "Medium and Long-Term Development Plan for the Automobile Industry" and the rigid requirements in new energy vehicle subsidies have put forward corresponding requirements for the energy density of power lithium batteries. The reality is that the ternary lithium battery with the highest energy density in commercialization has an energy density of 300Wh/kg, which has reached the limit, and it is difficult to have room for improvement.
Zhang Jiujun told reporters that in order for pure electric vehicles to have long battery life under normal road conditions, it is generally believed in the industry that the energy density of power lithium batteries must reach 500Wh/kg, and this value can theoretically achieve 1,000 kilometers. Regarding this technical indicator, lithium-sulfur batteries and lithium-air batteries can theoretically achieve it at present. Among them, lithium-air batteries have a higher energy density, which can theoretically reach 3000Wh/kg, but subject to technical limitations, they can only reach 200Wh/kg at present. In addition, the cycle life of lithium-air batteries is not enough, and it is not yet commercially available.
However, lithium-sulfur batteries are different, and the technology is relatively mature. At present, the domestic market can reach 348Wh/kg, while Lidian's sample has reached 500Wh/kg, far exceeding competitors. Later, we will further develop the negative electrode of the battery and optimize the positive electrode at the same time. Zhang Jiujun said that, in fact, lithium-sulfur batteries also have natural inferiority, which is why other research institutions have not commercialized them: firstly, the volume of sulfur itself will expand several times during the charging and discharging process, which will lead to capacity decay; secondly, In the process of charging and discharging, sulfur will also dissolve, and the service life will be greatly reduced; in addition, the conductivity of sulfur is also very poor. Of course, Lidian New Energy is optimizing solutions to these problems, such as using conductive polymer materials to bind sulfur firmly. The lithium-sulfur battery they developed also has a scientific and technological progress, that is, the cycle life is very high. At present, the cycle life of ordinary lithium-sulfur batteries is 100-200 times, and they can reach 900 times, which is in line with the life cycle of ordinary cars.
In addition, in terms of the safety of lithium-sulfur batteries, Zhang Jiujun admitted that due to the natural existence of lithium dendrites, this phenomenon has not been completely eliminated in the industry at present. etc., to improve the safety of the battery. Generally speaking, the safety is much higher than that of the ternary lithium battery.Also read:https://www.aminobattery.com/lithium-battery/207.html
From the perspective of technology and cost, lithium-sulfur batteries are only one step away from the large-scale commercialization of automotive power lithium batteries. Zhang Jiujun said that in the field of lithium-sulfur battery technology, Lidian New Energy is the closest to the commercial market, and it is expected to become a 100 billion-level company in the future.
As far as local industries are concerned, it is particularly important to grasp the policy guidance in a timely manner, introduce leading R&D institutions and companies in a timely manner, and optimize the industrial structure. According to the "2020 New Energy Vehicle Industry Research Report" of the Pukou District Science and Technology Bureau, after the announcement of the "Plan", mainstream power lithium battery companies have a strong leading force in upstream resources and materials, and have relatively close relationships with OEMs. Correlation is the dominant core of the supply side. Judging from the current development, it will develop in the direction of high energy density, low cost, fast charging and other technologies in the future.
The market determines everything, and the only way to fundamentally solve the mileage anxiety of new energy vehicles is to reduce power consumption and increase battery energy density. However, the energy density of the original battery has reached its limit, so it is not a bad idea to try to replace a circuit, not to mention that the existing research and development institutions have produced finished products, which are about to enter commercial use.